Fruit-picking apparatus

ABSTRACT

A fruit-picking apparatus comprising an articulated hollow boom having an extensible upper arm containing coextensible conveyor means for conveying fruit into the top of an upwardly inclined lower arm regardless of the inclination of said upper arm, the bottom of said lower arm being rotatably mounted on the vehicle over a throat into which the fruit is discharged. The upper arm has a circular picker-supporting bucket at its outer end with an outer annular fruit-receiving trough arranged to discharge fruit onto the conveyor means in the upper arm. The supporting vehicle has rearwardly extensible conveyor means conveying fruit rearwardly from the throat to a container supported on the vehicle in horizontal fruit-receiving position, and means are provided for depositing a filled container on the ground and supporting an empty container in fruit-receiving position forwardly of said deposited container, the operations of manipulating the picker bucket and the fruit collecting and depositing means being controlled at the picker-supporting bucket. The method of picking comprises fully picking the entire spherical halves of opposed pairs of trees in adjacent rows, all the picking being done from the outer end of the articulated extensible boom rotatably mounted on the vehicle when at a central location radially of the four trees, conveying fruit from all parts of the tree halves through the boom to the forward part of the vehicle, conveying fruit rearwardly of the vehicle to a collecting basket, and successively depositing filled baskets on the ground in a line between the tree rows while the vehicle is at said central location, so as to be in position to be picked up by a collection vehicle passing linearly between the tree rows.

Unite States Patent [72] Inventor Dietrich G. Rempel Akron, Ohio [21] Appl. No. 14,591 [22] Filed Feb. 26, 1970 [45] Patented [73] Assignee Jan. 1 l, 1972 Rempel Enterprises, Inc. Akron, Ohio [5 4] FRUIT-PICKING APPARATUS 15 Claims, 26 Drawing Figs.

Primary Examiner-Theron E. Condon Assistant Examiner-Robert L. Spruill Attorney-Hamilton, Cook, Renner & Kenner ABSTRACT: A fruit-picking apparatus comprising an articulated hollow boom having an extensible upper arm containing coextensible conveyor means for conveying fruit into the top of an upwardly inclined lower arm regardless ofthe inclination of said upper arm, the bottom of said lower arm being rotatably mounted on the vehicle over a throat into which the fruit is discharged. The upper arm has a circular picker-supporting bucket at its outer end with an outer annular fruitreceiving trough arranged to discharge fruit onto the conveyor means in the upper arm. The supporting vehicle has rearwardly extensible conveyor means conveying fruit rearwardly from the throat to a container supported on the vehicle in horizontal fruit-receiving position, and means are provided for depositing a filled container on the ground and supporting an empty container in fruit-receiving position forwardly of said deposited container, the operations of manipulating the picker bucket and the fruit collecting and depositing means being controlled at the picker-supporting bucket. The method of picking comprises fully picking the entire spherical halves of opposed pairs of trees in adjacent rows, all the picking being done from the outer end of the articulated extensible boom rotatably mounted on the vehicle when at a central location radially of the four trees, conveying fruit from all parts of the tree halves through the boom to the forward part of the vehicle, conveying fruit rearwardly of the vehicle to a collecting basket, and successively depositing filled baskets on the ground in a line between the tree rows while the vehicle is at said central location, so as to be in position to be picked up by a collection vehicle passing linearly between the tree rows.

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gfgPEL BY Mimi! ATTORNEYS alsasiaae FATENIED mu 1 I972 SHEET lSUF 16 1 S a n P N m R R m MM H m R H w BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION For many years the harvesting of commercial orchards bearing various kinds of fruit was done by hand picking from ladders into sacks carried by the pickers. In recent years the scarcity of labor and rapidly increasing labor costs have spawned a variety of mechanical picking devices and systems, especially for use in the citrus-growing industry where the demand for juice concentrate has been increasing by leaps and bounds, and a vast amount of time and money has been spent in experimentation and development toward reducing picking costs.

Various mechanical devices for reaching into the trees and picking oranges one or a few at a time have been proposed, but these are much too slow and are difficult to manipulate so as to do a thorough job of picking. Other devices involve mechanically shaking the trees and providing inclined platforms or surfaces to catch the fruit and deliver it to conveyors, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,218,790 and 3,250,065. One difficulty with these devices is that the fruit should not be ripe enough to bruise and it therefore requires vigorous shaking to dislodge it, resulting in potential damage where the shaking devices contact the tree trunk and branches, as well as damage to the tree root system, normally growing in sandy soil. In many cases such vigorous shaking knocks off some leaves and, when blossoms and immature fruit are also present, as is the case with certain varieties of fruit, some blossoms and green fruit are also shaken off, with consequent loss of fruit crop.

It has been proposed to apply a multiplicity of high-velocity jets of air, as in U.S. Pat. No. 3,114,998, to shake or vibrate the fruit loose, in order to avoid damage to the tree trunk and branches, but the high-velocity jets tend to damage the leaves and smaller branches, as well as blossoms and green fruit if present. In recognition of the damage to the trees resulting from the vigorous shaking required by this system of picking, it has been attempted to spray the trees bearing the ripening fruit with a chemical compound formulated to cause the fruit stems to become detached with less vigorous shaking, but this treatment to be effective requires time in advance of picking and also detracts from the health and yield of the trees, especially if blossoms are present.

The safest picking procedure from the standpoint of damage to the fruit and to the trees is still hand picking, and it is the primary object of the present invention to provide a novel and improved system of hand picking which will substantially increase the picking production while reducing the number of pickers. U.S. Pat. No. 2,450,152 discloses a fruit pickers crane, designed to take the place of a ladder and save the time and effort of climbing up and down the ladder and constantly changing its position. This crane has an articulated boom mounted on a truck, the upper arm having a pickers seat at its outer end and the arm being a hollow chute to allow the fruit to roll down by gravity into a hopper attached to the lower arm, and fruit collected in the hopper is removed from time to time.

The fruit pickers crane of said U.S. Pat. No. 2,450,152 has a number of disadvantages. The maneuverability of the pickers seat is limited by the fact that neither of the arms of the boom are per se extensible, the overall extensibility being limited to operating the arms as levers pivoted to each other. The maneuverability of the pickers seat is further restricted because it always faces in the same direction so that the picker can not turn around and pick fruit behind him.

The conveyance of fruit to the hopper is dependent upon gravity which precludes picking fruit with the upper arm at or below horizontal, as would be required to pick fruit from the underside of a tree. It is well known that many fruit trees have a substantial number of low hanging branches bearing fruit, and this is especially true to citrus trees. The result is that the low hanging fruit can not be picked from the pickers seat and conveyed to the hopper, but must be separately picked and handled. The hopper of said fruit pickers crane requires hand labor to empty it from time to time into field boxes and hand labor to transfer the boxes to trucks for carrying them to a juice plant or a central packing house or distribution point.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is a general object of the present invention to provide a novel apparatus and method for hand picking fruit from orchards which will overcome the disadvantages. of prior devices and reduce the hand labor required to a minimum.

Another and more specific object is to provide a novel and improved apparatus having an articulated boom with a pickersupporting bucket at the outer end of the upper arm adapted to allow picking in full circle and dropping the fruit directly into a receiving trough from any position.

Another object is to provide a novel extensible upper boom arm enclosing coextensible conveyor mechanism for positively conveying fruit in any position of inclination of the arm, together with improved means for conducting fruit from the upper arm into the lower arm.

A further object is to provide improved throat means on the vehicle rotatably supporting the lower arm and receiving fruit discharged therefrom.

A still further object is to provide improved extensible conveyor means on the vehicle for conveying fruit rearwardly from said hopper.

Another object is to provide a novel mechanism for supporting a stack of empty containers on the vehicle and removing one container at a time therefrom to place it in position to receive fruit from the rear end of the conveyor, and depositing each container when filled upon the ground, to the rear of the empty container in fruit-receiving position.

Still another object is to provide a novel method of picking fruit utilizing the novel apparatus, in which the vehicle is positioned between two rows of trees and centrally of two opposed pairs of trees, and controlling at the pickers bucket the operations of manipulating the bucket to progressively make available for picking all of the fruit from at least the radially adjacent spherical halves of the four trees, conveying picked fruit to the hopper and from the hopper rearwardly, supporting an empty container in fruit-receiving position, depositing the filled container on the ground and positioning another empty container in fruit-receiving position forwardly of the deposited container.

These and other collateral objects are accomplished by the novel and improved mechanisms, arrangements and combinations comprising the present inventions, preferred embodiments of which are shown herein by way of example, the scope of the inventions being defined in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a side elevation of the improved fruit-picking apparatus showing the articulated boom folded with the pickersupporting bucket in lowered and retracted position. I

FIG. 2 is a plan elevation thereof on a slightly larger scale.

FIG. 3A is a partial side elevation, partly in section, forwardly of the vertical plane a-b, showing the upper arm of the boom partially unfolded and extended forwardly.

FIG. 3B is a partial side elevation, partly in section, rearwardly of the plane a-b, showing the conveyor on the supporting vehicle partly extended and a container supported in fruitreceiving position at the rear of said conveyor in front of a filled container previously deposited on the ground.

FIG. 4 is a similar view showing the container-supporting mechanism in position to transfer an empty container from a stored stack to fruit-receiving position.

FIG. 5A is an enlarged partial side elevation, partly in section, of the picker-supporting bucket, shown mounted on the outer end of the upper arm from plane a'-b of the upper arm in retracted position.

FIG. 5B is an enlarged partial side elevation, partly in section, of the inner end from plane a'-b' of the retracted upper arm, showing the upper end from plane c-d of the connected lower arm.

FIG. 5C is an enlarged partial side elevation, partly in section, of the lower end of the lower arm from plane c-d, showing its mounting on the supporting vehicle, which is partly broke away.

FIG. 5D is a partial sectional view on line SD-SD of FIG. SB.

FIG. 6 is a plan sectional view of the picker-supporting bucket, on line 6-6 of FIG. 5A, showing the pivotal mounting of the bucket on the upper arm in elevation.

FIG. 6A is an enlarged plan view on line 6A-6A of FIG. 5A, partly in section, of the picker-supporting bucket in FIG. 6.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the upper arm on line 7- 7 of FIG. 5B.

FIG. 8 is a side elevation, partly broken away, of the upper arm detached from the lower arm and the picker bucket, with the upper conveyor thereof slightly extended.

FIG. 9 is a similar view with the upper conveyor fully extended from the upper arm.

FIG. 10 is a partial sectional view on line 10-10 of FIG. 8.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view on line 11-11 of FIG. 5C of the horizontal extensible conveyor on the base vehicle at its receiving end.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view on line 12-12 of FIG. 5C of the horizontal extensible conveyor at is discharge end.

FIG. 13 is an enlarged partial side elevation, partly broken away, showing the manner of supporting the fruit containers at the rear of the supporting vehicle, and depositing filled containers therefrom.

FIG. 14 is a plan elevational view on line 14-14 of FIG. 13.

FIGS. 15, 16 and 17 are enlarged fragmentary views on line 15-15 of FIG. 14, showing different positions of the container-supporting mechanism in removing an empty container from the bottom of the stack of empty containers.

FIG. 18 is a schematic side view of the apparatus, showing various positions of the picker-supporting bucket in picking fruit from the adjacent spherical halves of two trees in a row, which can be different sizes and heights.

FIG. 19 is a schematic plan view showing the supporting vehicle and its boom located centrally of opposed pairs of trees in two rows, for picking the radially adjacent spherical halves of four trees, or more or less areas of trees depending upon size.

FIG. is a schematic plan view similar to FIG. 19, showing how the improved apparatus can be positioned between hedgerows of fruit trees to pick fruit from opposed areas in the rows.

FIG. 21 is a schematic end view of the improved apparatus when used between two hedgerows.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring to FIGS. 1, 2, 18 and 19, the novel and improved fruit-picking apparatus has a base-supporting vehicle comprising a forward truck indicated as a whole at 15, having front wheels 16 and rear wheels 17 carrying a chassis on which a hollow substantially pyramidal housing 18 is supported. At the top of the housing is a circular bearing assembly 19 rotatably supporting the lower hollow arm 20 of the boom at a fixed inclination to the horizontal. A drivers seat is shown at 21 at the front of housing 18, and a steering wheel 22 is located in front of the seat and is operatively connected to the front wheels for steering them in a well-known manner. As shown in FIG. 3A, the wheel 22 can be folded down onto the seat to provide clearance for the boom to swing by. The power for moving the vehicle may be supplied by hydraulic individual wheel motors, or other suitable motor means (not shown).

The upper arm 24 of the boom is hinged at its inner end to the outer end of the lower arm by hinge brackets 25 so that arm 24 can be folded down alongside the top of lower arm 20, as in FIGS. 1 and 2, for transporting the vehicle from place to place, and can be unfolded to various angular positions such as shown in FIG. 18 for picking'fruit. The arm 24 is of hollow rectangular shape in cross section, and a slidable hollow rectangular arm 26 of smaller dimensions is telescopically and extensibly mounted within the arm 24. The means for folding and unfolding the arm 24 on the lower arm 20 preferably comprises hydraulic cylinders 27 connecting the outer walls of the arms 20 and 24 adjacent the hinge brackets 25.

The mechanism for extending and retracting the arm 26 will be described hereinafter. Also, the arms 24 and 26 enclose coextensible belt conveyors which will later be described in detail. These belt conveyors positively convey fruit F through the arms 24 and 26 and into lower arm 20, regardless of the extended position of arm 26, and regardless of the inclination of arms 24 and 26, including positions of upward inclination of the arms from the outer end to the inner hinged end, in a manner to be described.

The picker-supporting bucket 28 is pivotally mounted on the outer end of arm 26, and is preferably an open top cylinder as shown, so that a man standing in the bucket can lean out and reach in all directions, full circle, to pick fruit F from one position of the bucket in a substantially spherical area a substantial circle of which is indicated at 29 in chain lines in FIG. 18. Leveling means, hereinafter described, are provided to maintain the bucket level automatically regardless of the positions of the supporting boom arms, as also indicated in FIG. 18. It will be apparent that because the lower arm 20 is reversely inclined to the upper arms 24 and 26, the tilting effect on the base vehicle 15 caused by the overhang of the bucket is at least partially counterbalanced in all positions of the bucket. In any event, when the boom is fully extended in a lateral direction, the weight of the base vehicle 15 is approximately five times the effect weight of a man in the bucket 28.

The pickers full area range, from a position of the base vehicle centrally of four average size trees indicated schematically at T in FIG. 19, is indicated in FIG. 18 in one vertical plane by the curved dot-dash lines 30 and intersecting upper and angular lines 31. By rotating the lower arm 20 on the base, the maximum horizontal cross section of this range area is bounded by the outer circle 32 shown in FIG. 19, so that the whole area is substantially spherical, with an inaccessibler upper conical area within lines 31, and a lower inaccessible central area within the curved lines 33. These two inaccessible areas are located directly above the location of the base vehicle centrally of the four trees T where no branches or fruit are present.

Accordingly, from the base vehicle position of FIG. 19, by rotating the lower arm 20, folding and unfolding the upper arm 24, and extending and retracting the upper arm 26, the picker can completely pick all of the fruit from at least the adjacent inner spherical halves of the four trees T, as represented by the shaded areas in FIG. 19. With the upper arms fully extended, the picker can swing over and pick from the tops of trees about 35 feet high having broader girths as indicated at T. In the case of smaller trees, such as indicated at T", the picker can swing over the top and around the rear side of the tree so as to pick all or substantially all of the tree depending upon its size.

Referring to FIG. 5A, the picker-supporting bucket 28 has an inner cylindrical enclosure 35 positioned concentrically within the outer cylindrical bucket, and the picker stands within the cylinder 35 with his feet on the floor 36 of the bucket. The top annular rail 37 of cylinder 35 is positioned so that it will comfortably support the picker as he leans outwardly to reach fruit by pressing against the rail below his waist and just above his thighs, the rail being suitably rounded.

The picker picks with both hands while turning his body in any direction and drops the fruit into the trough formed between the bucket 28 and the inner cylinder 35, where it is conducted by semicircular, downwardly inclined chutes 38 onto the adjoining end of the conveyor belt in the upper arm 26 pivoted to the bucket at 34. As best seen in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the fruit is conveyed from belt 39 to belt 40 in arm 24, and then by gravity through a connector chute 41 into lower arm 20, at the lower end of which the fruit passes through a delivery chute 42 into a receiving throat 43 within the housing 18 and thence onto the forward end of the upper of two longitudinally extensible conveyors carried on the base vehicle 15.

The fruit is conveyed rearwardly by the upper belt conveyor 44, and as shown in FIG. 3B, regardless of the amount of rearward extension of the lower belt conveyor 45 beyond conveyor 44, the fruit is conveyed by conveyor 45 to a discharge location within the frame of a rear vehicle indicated generally at 46 which supports the rear end of conveyor 45 when the conveyor is fully retracted as in FIG. 5C, or in various extended positions such as shown in FIG. 3B.

At the rear end of conveyor 45 the fruit passes over a normally downwardly inclined discharge chute 47 and drops into a large fruit collecting receptacle 48 supported on the lower part of the vehicle frame 46 a short distance above the ground. Mechanism to be described supports and lowers the receptacle when full and deposits it onto the ground, and the vehicle 46 is moved forwardly by conveyor 45 to clear the deposited receptacle shown at 48. The conveyor 45 is normally fully extended when the first receptacle in a row is deposited, although the amount of extension can be controlled to suit specific conditions, and the vehicle 46 is moved forwardly and the conveyor 45 retracted, step-by-step, each time a full receptacle is deposited.

Mechanism is also provided to remove the empty receptacle 48" at the bottom of the stack of empty receptacles stored at the top of frame 46, and lower it to the supported position of receptacle 48. During this transfer operation, the discharge chute 47 is raised out of the way as shown in FIG. 4 until the next receptacle 48 is in fruit receiving position.

When a row of successively deposited full receptacles has been deposited, as indicated in FIG. 4, a lifting and collecting truck such as shown at A can successively pickup the deposited receptacles to dump them into a hopper on the truck and then convey large quantities of fruit to a transfer vehicle and thence to a juice concentrate plant or other processing center. Thus, the collecting truck A follows the same line between rows of trees as has been traveled by the picking truck, and one collecting truck can service simultaneously several rows of full receptacles 48 and return empty receptacles, as the fruit is picked.

PICKER BUCKET APPARATUS Referring to FIGS. 5A, 6 and 6A, the inner cylinder 35 is secured in spaced relation within the outer bucket 28 by rectangularly arranged vertically disposed plates 49, 50 and 51, welded at their ends to the inner surface of bucket 28, and at intermediate locations tangentially to the inner bucket 35. The bucket assembly is pivoted on the outer end of the upper boom arm 26 by spaced bracket plates 52 welded to and extending outwardly from plate SI, one on each side of the arm 26.

As best shown in FIG. 6A, the pivot connections 34 may include bearing plates 54 rotatably abutting the bracket plates 52 and welded to the end of arm 26 by angular plates 55 and 56. A centering stub shaft 57 extends through each plate 52 and has a pilot flange 58 around its inner end. The outer end of one shaft 57 is splined into an annular centering member 59 which fits within and is secured to the bearing plate 54. One of the stub shafts 57 is keyed into a rotary hydraulic actuator 60, which is driven by hydraulic fluid conducted through conduits 61 and 62 from a combined reversible motor 63 and pump 64 supported on one of the plates 49 within the bucket 28.

Thus, when the actuator is rotated the plates 52 and the whole bucket assembly rotates on bearing plates 54 around the stub shafts 57 as centers. The direction and amount of rotation is controlled so that the bucket is maintained substantially horizontal as the inclination of the boom arm 26 is changed to accommodate various positions. The control mechanism may comprise a mercury leveling switch of wellknown construction mounted on the bucket and indicated schematically at 66 in FIG. 5A. The switch is electrically connected to motor 63 so that when the bucket tilts a predetermined amount (e.g. 5) in either direction the mercury makes contact to drive the motor and the actuator 60 in the proper direction to return the bucket to substantially horizontal position.

As schematically indicated in FIGS. 2 and 5A, control panels 66a and 66b are provided preferably above the pivot connections between the bucket and the upper boom arm, and conveniently located for operation by the picker. These controls permit the picker to control the entire picking operation from his position within the bucket including, driving the vehicle 15, maneuvering his position in all directions by rotating the lower boom arm, changing the inclination of the upper arm, and extending and retracting the upper arm conveyors; depositing each receptacle 48 when filled and transferring an empty one from the storage stack to fruit receiving position, and moving the rear vehicle forwardly, step-by-step, as the filled containers are deposited.

THE EXTENSIBLE UPPER BOOM Referring to FIGS. 3A, 5A, 5B and 7-10, the upper boom arm 24 has an outer metal housing which is rectangular in cross section, with top and bottom walls 68 and 69, and sidewalls 70 and 71. The upper arm 26 is telescopically slidable within the arm 24 and is also rectangular in cross section, with top and bottom walls 72 and 73, and sidewalls 74 and 75.

The means for extending and retracting the upper arm 26 relative to the arm 24 preferably comprises a rack bar 76 secured on and extending below the bottom wall 73 of the inner housing, the teeth of the rack bar engaging a gear 77 joumaled in a bracket 77 mounted on bottom wall 69 of the outer housing. A separate drive motor (not shown) may be mounted on said bracket 77 and operatively connected to the shaft 78 of the gear 77, and the motor is electrically connected in a well-known manner to a control switch on the control panel 66a and 66b.

An endless belt conveyor indicated generally at 39 is mounted within the inner housing and an endless belt conveyor 40 is mounted immediately below conveyor belt 39 within a U-shaped housing having sidewalls 79 and 80 and a bottom wall 81 secured to bottom wall 69 of the outer housing for arm 24. The belts 39 and 40 have spaced flights or vanes 82 thereon to facilitate conveying fruit deposited thereon.

The upper belt 39 is trained around a drive pulley 83 on a shaft 84 at its inner end and around an idler pulley 85 on a shaft 86 at its outer end. The shaft 84 is joumaled in the sidewalls 74 and 75 of the inner housing, and the shaft 86 is joumaled in the outer ends of those sidewalls in line with the pivot connections 54 (FIG. 6). The lower belt 40 is trained around a drive pulley 87 on a shaft 88 at its inner end and around an idler pulley 89 on a shaft 90 at its outer end. The shafts 88 and 90 are joumaled in the sidewalls 79 and 80 of the U-shaped housing.

The means for driving the conveyor belts 39 and 40 in all positions of extension and retraction of the upper conveyor as controlled by rack 76 and gear 77 comprises a drive motor 91 preferably mounted on sidewall 71 of the outer housing (FIG. 7) and driving a sprocket chain 92 within said housing wall. The chain 92 is meshed with a sprocket on shaft 88 for driving shaft 88 and drive pulley 87 thereon to drive conveyor belt 40. A second sprocket on shaft 88 drives a chain 93 spaced inwardly of chain 92, and chain 93 passes around an idler and takeup sprocket 94 mounted on sidewall 80 near the idler pulley 89.

The upper run of chain 93 is trained upwardly in a traveling loop 93' which passes around a sprocket 95 on the drive shaft 84 to drive the drive pulley 83 for the upper belt 39. The loop 93' is formed by two idler sprockets 96 meshing with the upper run of chain 93. Sprockets 96 are mounted on bracket plates 97 secured to the side plate 75 of the inner housing. 

1. Apparatus for picking fruit from rows of various sizes of trees including a base supporting vehicle having rearwardly extensible lower conveyor means thereon, a rear vehicle carrying the rear end of said conveyor means, means on said rear vehicle for supporting a receptacle in position to receive fruit discharged from said conveyor means and for depositing said container when filled upon the ground, a hollow upwardly inclined lower boom rotatably mounted on the base vehicle with its lower end over the front end of said lower conveyor means, means to rotate said lower boom, a hollow upper boom hinged upon the upper end of said lower boom, means for raising and lowering said upper boom, extensible upper conveyor means within said upper boom for conveying fruit through said boom into said lower boom in all positions of said upper boom, a picker-supporting bucket pivoted on the outer end of said upper conveyor means having means for receiving fruit from the picker and discharging it onto said upper conveyor means, and means for maintaining said bucket substantially upright in all positions of the upper boom.
 2. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 in which the picker-supporting bucket is open around substantially its entire periphery, and the means receiving fruit from the picker comprises an outer annular chute for discharging the fruit onto said upper conveyor means.
 3. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, having control means on said bucket for extending and retracting said upper and lower conveyor means, for rotating said lower boom and raising and lowering said upper boom, and for operating the receptacle supporting and depositing mechanism on said rear vehicle.
 4. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, in which means are provided on said rear vehicle for supporting a stack of empty receptacles and for transferring one receptacle from said stack into position for receiving fruit from said lower conveyor means.
 5. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, in which the inclined lower boom has fixed baffle means therein for retarding the gravIty flow of fruit therethrough and movable baffle means for temporarily blocking said flow.
 6. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, in which the extensible upper and lower conveyor means each comprise superposed upper and lower conveyor belts, with a single motor drive for each conveyor means, and traveling drive means operatively connecting said belts in all positions of extension and retraction.
 7. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, in which the means for maintaining the bucket substantially upright is mounted on said bucket, and is controlled by a leveling switch on the bucket to automatically maintain the bucket in substantially upright position.
 8. Apparatus as defined in claim 4, having control means on said bucket for extending and retracting said upper and lower conveyor means, for rotating said lower boom and raising and lowering said upper boom, and for operating said receptacle supporting, transferring and depositing mechanism on said rear vehicle.
 9. Apparatus as defined in claim 2, in which the means for maintaining the bucket substantially upright is mounted on the bucket, and is controlled by a leveling switch on the bucket to automatically maintain the bucket in substantially upright position.
 10. Apparatus as defined in claim 6, in which the upper and lower conveyor belts are each trained around a drive pulley at one end, and an endless drive element is provided having a traveling loop operatively connecting the drive pulleys in all positions of relative extension and retraction of the belts.
 11. In a fruit-picking apparatus having a hollow boom mounted on a base vehicle for delivering fruit to the front end of the vehicle, a conveyor bed pivotally mounted at its front end on said vehicle, said bed comprising superposed upper and lower conveyors, the lower conveyor being rearwardly extensible, a rear vehicle supporting the rear end of the lower conveyor in all positions of extension and retraction, means on said conveyor bed for extending and retracting said lower conveyor together with said rear vehicle, and movable means on said rear vehicle for supporting a receptacle in position to receive fruit discharged from the rear end of said lower conveyor.
 12. In a fruit-picking apparatus as defined in claim 11, in which the movable receptacle-supporting means is adapted to deposit a filled receptacle on the ground while holding it in horizontal position.
 13. In a fruit-picking apparatus as defined in claim 12, in which releasable means are provided for supporting a stack of empty receptacles and the movable receptacle supporting means is adapted to actuate said releasable means to drop the bottom stacked receptacle onto the movable receptacle supporting means for being transferred to and held in fruit-receiving position.
 14. In a fruit-picking apparatus as defined in claim 12, in which the movable means for supporting a receptacle in fruit-receiving position comprises two shoes for engaging under opposite sides of the receptacle rim, said shoes being pivotally mounted on parallel bars pivoted to said rear vehicle in pantographic arrangements for maintaining the receptacle horizontal in all adjusted positions.
 15. In a fruit-picking apparatus as defined in claim 13, in which the movable means for supporting a receptacle in fruit-receiving position comprises two shoes for engaging under opposite sides of the receptacle rim, said shoes being pivotally mounted on parallel bars pivoted to said rear vehicle in pantographic arrangements for maintaining the receptacle horizontal in all adjusted positions. 